Teddy Rossevelt
Blue Blossom
Montara Mountain~Montara, California USA
A large, sometimes tree-like, shrub from 3-20 ft. tall with small, lustrous green, oval leaves. Flower plumes are up to 8 in. long and are made up of light- to deep-blue blossoms dotted with yellow stamens. Large evergreen shrub or small tree with short trunk, many spreading branches, and showy blooms resembling lilacs.
This is the hardiest and largest ceanothus. Each spring the highways of the West Coast display masses of Blue Blossom flowers. Plants can be grown in screens, in hedges, and against walls. Elk and deer browse the foliage. The shrubs form dense thickets after fires and logging. The scientific name, meaning "thyrse-flower," refers to the compact, branched flower cluster; thyrsus is the name of the staff, adorned with leaves and berries, that belonged to Bacchus, the Greek god of wine.
This is the hardiest and largest ceanothus. Each spring the highways of the West Coast display masses of Blue Blossom flowers. Plants can be grown in screens, in hedges, and against walls. Elk and deer browse the foliage. The shrubs form dense thickets after fires and logging. The scientific name, meaning "thyrse-flower," refers to the compact, branched flower cluster; thyrsus is the name of the staff, adorned with leaves and berries, that belonged to Bacchus, the Greek god of wine.
Ceanothus thyrsiflorus Eschsch.
Blueblossom, Bluebrush, Blue Blossom
Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn Family)
Synonym(s): Ceanothus thyrsiflorus var. repens
USDA Symbol: CETH
USDA Native Status: L48 (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CETH
Blueblossom, Bluebrush, Blue Blossom
Rhamnaceae (Buckthorn Family)
Synonym(s): Ceanothus thyrsiflorus var. repens
USDA Symbol: CETH
USDA Native Status: L48 (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CETH
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Shrub
Leaf Retention: Evergreen
Leaf Complexity: Simple
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Up to about 20 feet tall.
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Shrub
Leaf Retention: Evergreen
Leaf Complexity: Simple
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Up to about 20 feet tall.
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: White , Blue
Bloom Time: Mar , Apr , May , Jun
Bloom Notes: Pale to deep blue, rarely white.
Distribution
USA: CA , OR
Native Distribution: Outer CA Coast Ranges, n. to OR
Native Habitat: Coastal wooded slopes & canyons below 2000 ft.
Bloom Color: White , Blue
Bloom Time: Mar , Apr , May , Jun
Bloom Notes: Pale to deep blue, rarely white.
Distribution
USA: CA , OR
Native Distribution: Outer CA Coast Ranges, n. to OR
Native Habitat: Coastal wooded slopes & canyons below 2000 ft.
California Blackberry
Purisima Trail~Skyline, California 2013
A mounding shrub or vine with bristly, running stems; large, trifoliate leaves; and clusters of white flowers near the tips of lateral shoots. The flowers differ from those of other blackberries because of their widely spaced, narrow petals. Flowers are followed by edible, black berries. Ranges from 2-5 ft. high and more than 6 ft. wide.
The Trailing Blackberry is a member of the family Rosaceae which includes about 2000 species of trees, shrubs, and herbs worldwide; approximately 77 native and 9 naturalized tree species and many species of shrubs and herbs in North America; including service-berries (Amelanchier), hawthorns (Crataegus), apples (Malus), plums and cherries (Prunus), and mountain-ashes (Sorbus).
The Trailing Blackberry is a member of the family Rosaceae which includes about 2000 species of trees, shrubs, and herbs worldwide; approximately 77 native and 9 naturalized tree species and many species of shrubs and herbs in North America; including service-berries (Amelanchier), hawthorns (Crataegus), apples (Malus), plums and cherries (Prunus), and mountain-ashes (Sorbus).
Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schltdl.
California Blackberry, California Dewberry, Western Blackberry
Rosaceae (Rose Family)
Synonym(s):
USDA Symbol: RUUR
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RUUR
California Blackberry, California Dewberry, Western Blackberry
Rosaceae (Rose Family)
Synonym(s):
USDA Symbol: RUUR
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=RUUR
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Subshrub
Leaf Retention: Deciduous
Leaf Complexity: Trifoliate
Fruit Type: Aggregate , Drupe
Size Notes: Up to about 5 feet tall when shrub-like.
Leaf: Green
Fruit: Black, aggregated drupelets.
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Subshrub
Leaf Retention: Deciduous
Leaf Complexity: Trifoliate
Fruit Type: Aggregate , Drupe
Size Notes: Up to about 5 feet tall when shrub-like.
Leaf: Green
Fruit: Black, aggregated drupelets.
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: White , Pink
Bloom Time: Mar , Apr , May , Jun , Jul
Distribution
USA: CA , ID , MT , OR , WA
Canada: BC
Native Distribution: B.C. & ID to Sanders Co., MT, s. to Baja through cismontane CA
Native Habitat: Variable; below 3000 ft.
Bloom Color: White , Pink
Bloom Time: Mar , Apr , May , Jun , Jul
Distribution
USA: CA , ID , MT , OR , WA
Canada: BC
Native Distribution: B.C. & ID to Sanders Co., MT, s. to Baja through cismontane CA
Native Habitat: Variable; below 3000 ft.
Coastal California Poppy
Coastal Bluff Trail~Half Moon Bay, California USA
A smooth, bluish-green plant with several stems, fern-like leaves, and usually orange flowers borne singly on a long stalk.
On sunny days in spring, California Poppies, the state flower, often turn hillsides orange. Responsive to sunlight, the flowers close at night and on cloudy days. The spicy fragrance attracts mainly beetles, which serve as pollinators. Flowers produced early in the season tend to be larger than those later on. There are other species in California, but none has the conspicuous pink rim at the base of the ovary.
The genus is named after Dr. J.F. Eschscholtz who lived from 1793 to 1831. He performed duties as a surgeon and naturalist with Russian expeditions to the Pacific coast from 1815 to 1818.
On sunny days in spring, California Poppies, the state flower, often turn hillsides orange. Responsive to sunlight, the flowers close at night and on cloudy days. The spicy fragrance attracts mainly beetles, which serve as pollinators. Flowers produced early in the season tend to be larger than those later on. There are other species in California, but none has the conspicuous pink rim at the base of the ovary.
The genus is named after Dr. J.F. Eschscholtz who lived from 1793 to 1831. He performed duties as a surgeon and naturalist with Russian expeditions to the Pacific coast from 1815 to 1818.
Eschscholzia californica Cham. ssp. californica
California Poppy
Papaveraceae (Poppy Family)
Synonym(s): Eschscholzia californica var. crocea, Eschscholzia californica var. douglasii, Eschscholzia californica var. maritima, Eschscholzia californica var. peninsularis, Eschscholzia procera
USDA Symbol: ESCAC
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), HI (I), CAN (I)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ESCAC
California Poppy
Papaveraceae (Poppy Family)
Synonym(s): Eschscholzia californica var. crocea, Eschscholzia californica var. douglasii, Eschscholzia californica var. maritima, Eschscholzia californica var. peninsularis, Eschscholzia procera
USDA Symbol: ESCAC
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), HI (I), CAN (I)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ESCAC
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Annual
Habit: Herb
Leaf Arrangement: Alternate
Leaf Complexity: Simple
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Up to about 2 feet tall.
Duration: Annual
Habit: Herb
Leaf Arrangement: Alternate
Leaf Complexity: Simple
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Up to about 2 feet tall.
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: Orange
Bloom Time: Feb , Mar , Apr , May , Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep
Distribution
USA: AL , AZ , CA , CO , CT , GA , HI , ID , IL , KY , LA , MA , MI , MO , NC , NE , NH , NV , NY , OH , OR , PA , SC , TN , UT , WA , WI , WY
Native Distribution: S. CA to S. WA and NV; often cultivated.
Native Habitat: Open areas, common on grassy slopes.
Bloom Color: Orange
Bloom Time: Feb , Mar , Apr , May , Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep
Distribution
USA: AL , AZ , CA , CO , CT , GA , HI , ID , IL , KY , LA , MA , MI , MO , NC , NE , NH , NV , NY , OH , OR , PA , SC , TN , UT , WA , WI , WY
Native Distribution: S. CA to S. WA and NV; often cultivated.
Native Habitat: Open areas, common on grassy slopes.
Coastal Gum Plant
Coastal Bluff Trail~Half Moon Bay, California USA
Grindelia stricta is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names Oregon gumplant, Oregon gumweed and coastal gumplant. It is native to the west coast of North America from California to Alaska, where it is a resident of coastal plant communities such as those in marshes and beaches. This plant is variable in appearance, taking the form of a weedlike perennial herb forming low clumps to a sprawling subshrub growing erect to heights exceeding one meter. Its foliage and stems are green to rusty red or purplish and the plant may be hairy to hairless. The fleshy leaves are green, often with red edges and veining, and are up to 15 centimeters in length on large plants. The inflorescence holds one or more flower heads each up to 5 centimeters wide. The flower head is a cup of thick erect or recurved green phyllaries. Yellow disc florets fill the center of the flower head and there is a fringe of yellow ray florets around the circumference.
Grindelia stricta DC. var. stricta
Coastal Gum Plant, Coastal Gumplant, Oregon Gumweed
Asteraceae (Aster Family)
Synonym(s): Grindelia arenicola, Grindelia integrifolia var. macrophylla, Grindelia stricta ssp. blakei
USDA Symbol: GRSTS2
USDA Native Status: L48 (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=GRSTS2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grindelia_stricta
Coastal Gum Plant, Coastal Gumplant, Oregon Gumweed
Asteraceae (Aster Family)
Synonym(s): Grindelia arenicola, Grindelia integrifolia var. macrophylla, Grindelia stricta ssp. blakei
USDA Symbol: GRSTS2
USDA Native Status: L48 (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=GRSTS2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grindelia_stricta
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Herb , Subshrub
Size Notes: Up to about 2 feet tall.
Fruit: Fruit is a cypsela (pl. cypselae). Though technically incorrect, the fruit is often referred to as an achene.
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Herb , Subshrub
Size Notes: Up to about 2 feet tall.
Fruit: Fruit is a cypsela (pl. cypselae). Though technically incorrect, the fruit is often referred to as an achene.
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: Orange , Yellow
Bloom Time: May , Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep , Oct
Distribution
USA: CA , OR , WA
Bloom Color: Orange , Yellow
Bloom Time: May , Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep , Oct
Distribution
USA: CA , OR , WA
Common Sunflower
Farmer John~Half Moon Bay, California 2023
Common sunflower is a widely branching, stout annual, 1-1/2 to 10 ft. tall, with coarsely hairy leaves and stems. The terminal flowers heads are large and showy, up to 5 inches across. A tall, coarse leafy plant with a hairy stem commonly branched in the upper half and bearing several or many flower heads, the central maroon disc is surrounded by many bright yellow rays.
The state flower of Kansas. Contrary to common myth, the heads of sunflowers do not follow the sun each day. However, developing flower buds and leaves do exhibit some phototropism. The plant has been cultivated in Central North America since pre-Columbian times; yellow dye obtained from the flowers, and a black or dull blue dye from the seeds, were once important in Native American basketry and weaving. Native Americans also ground the seeds for flour and used its oil for cooking and dressing hair. It was believed, in the 19th century, that plants growing near a home would protect from malaria. Seeds from cultivated strains are now used for cooking oil and livestock feed in the United States and Eurasia. Many variants have been developed, some with one huge head topping a stalk 9-16 ft (3-5 m) tall, others with maroon rays. Prairie Sunflower (H. petiolaris), found throughout the Great Plains and similar to the wild forms of Common Sunflower, has scales on the disc in the center of the head tipped by white hairs, easily visible when the central flowers are spread apart. Developed in a single large head variety by Russians.
The state flower of Kansas. Contrary to common myth, the heads of sunflowers do not follow the sun each day. However, developing flower buds and leaves do exhibit some phototropism. The plant has been cultivated in Central North America since pre-Columbian times; yellow dye obtained from the flowers, and a black or dull blue dye from the seeds, were once important in Native American basketry and weaving. Native Americans also ground the seeds for flour and used its oil for cooking and dressing hair. It was believed, in the 19th century, that plants growing near a home would protect from malaria. Seeds from cultivated strains are now used for cooking oil and livestock feed in the United States and Eurasia. Many variants have been developed, some with one huge head topping a stalk 9-16 ft (3-5 m) tall, others with maroon rays. Prairie Sunflower (H. petiolaris), found throughout the Great Plains and similar to the wild forms of Common Sunflower, has scales on the disc in the center of the head tipped by white hairs, easily visible when the central flowers are spread apart. Developed in a single large head variety by Russians.
Helianthus annuus L.
Common Sunflower, Annual Sunflower
Asteraceae (Aster Family)
Synonym(s): Helianthus annuus ssp. jaegeri, Helianthus annuus ssp. lenticularis, Helianthus annuus ssp. texanus, Helianthus annuus var. lenticularis, Helianthus annuus var. macrocarpus, Helianthus annuus var. texanus, Helianthus aridus, Helianthus lenticularis
USDA Symbol: HEAN3
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), AK (I), HI (I), PR (I), CAN (I), SPM (I)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HEAN3
Common Sunflower, Annual Sunflower
Asteraceae (Aster Family)
Synonym(s): Helianthus annuus ssp. jaegeri, Helianthus annuus ssp. lenticularis, Helianthus annuus ssp. texanus, Helianthus annuus var. lenticularis, Helianthus annuus var. macrocarpus, Helianthus annuus var. texanus, Helianthus aridus, Helianthus lenticularis
USDA Symbol: HEAN3
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), AK (I), HI (I), PR (I), CAN (I), SPM (I)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HEAN3
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Annual
Habit: Herb
Size Notes: From 1-1/2 to about 10 feet tall.
Leaf: Green
Fruit: Fruit is a cypsela (pl. cypselae). Though technically incorrect, the fruit is often referred to as an achene
Duration: Annual
Habit: Herb
Size Notes: From 1-1/2 to about 10 feet tall.
Leaf: Green
Fruit: Fruit is a cypsela (pl. cypselae). Though technically incorrect, the fruit is often referred to as an achene
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: Yellow
Bloom Time: Jul , Aug , Sep , Oct
Distribution
USA: AK , AL , AR , AZ , CA , CO , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , HI , IA , ID , IL , IN , KS , KY , LA , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , MO , MS , MT , NC , ND , NE , NH , NJ , NM , NV , NY , OH , OK , OR , PA , RI , SC , SD , TN , TX , UT , VA , VT , WA , WI , WV , WY
Canada: AB , MB , NT , SK
Native Distribution: Man. & MN to TX & westward; naturalized to the Atlantic
Native Habitat: Dry, open areas; disturbed sites
Bloom Color: Yellow
Bloom Time: Jul , Aug , Sep , Oct
Distribution
USA: AK , AL , AR , AZ , CA , CO , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , HI , IA , ID , IL , IN , KS , KY , LA , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , MO , MS , MT , NC , ND , NE , NH , NJ , NM , NV , NY , OH , OK , OR , PA , RI , SC , SD , TN , TX , UT , VA , VT , WA , WI , WV , WY
Canada: AB , MB , NT , SK
Native Distribution: Man. & MN to TX & westward; naturalized to the Atlantic
Native Habitat: Dry, open areas; disturbed sites
Douglas Iris
Coastal Trail~Half Moon Bay, California USA
The rhizomes of Mountain Iris or Douglas Iris spread slowly, eventually creating a 2-4 ft. wide clump. Tufts of 1-2 ft., sword-shaped, dark-evergreen leaves arise from the rhizome and surround a flowering stalk of equal height. Several showy iris blossoms emerge from leafy bracts atop the stalks. The flowers are usually blue, though the colors can range from pale cream to yellow to reddish purple. Large, reddish-purple, pinkish, white, or cream flowers, with lilac veins, on stout branched stalks rising from clumps of sword-shaped leaves.
This is a common iris in the Redwood region. The genus name, Greek for "rainbow," refers to the variegated coloration of the flower. In Greek mythology, Iris, a member of Hera's court and goddess of the rainbow, so impressed Hera with her purity that she was commemorated with a flower that blooms in the rainbow colors of her robe.
This is a common iris in the Redwood region. The genus name, Greek for "rainbow," refers to the variegated coloration of the flower. In Greek mythology, Iris, a member of Hera's court and goddess of the rainbow, so impressed Hera with her purity that she was commemorated with a flower that blooms in the rainbow colors of her robe.
Iris douglasiana Herb.
Douglas Iris, Mountain Iris, Western Iris
Iridaceae (Iris Family)
Synonym(s): Iris douglasiana var. major, Iris douglasiana var. oregonensis
USDA Symbol: IRDO
USDA Native Status: L48 (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=IRDO
Douglas Iris, Mountain Iris, Western Iris
Iridaceae (Iris Family)
Synonym(s): Iris douglasiana var. major, Iris douglasiana var. oregonensis
USDA Symbol: IRDO
USDA Native Status: L48 (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=IRDO
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Herb
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Up to about 2 feet tall
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Herb
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Up to about 2 feet tall
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: Blue
Bloom Time: Mar , Apr , May
Distribution
USA: CA , OR
Native Distribution: Coastal region from Santa Barbara Co., CA to Coos Co., OR
Native Habitat: Grassy slopes; open woods
Bloom Color: Blue
Bloom Time: Mar , Apr , May
Distribution
USA: CA , OR
Native Distribution: Coastal region from Santa Barbara Co., CA to Coos Co., OR
Native Habitat: Grassy slopes; open woods
Hookers Evening Primrose
Coastal Bluff Trail~Half Moon Bay, California USA
A tall, erect, usually unbranched stem with large yellow flowers in a raceme.
Common Evening-primrose (O. biennis), found throughout most of the United States, has similar erect stems, but its petals are less than 1" (2.5 cm) long. Both are closely related to the Garden Evening-primrose (O. erythrosepala), scattered in the wild from western Washington to California, which is a taller plant, with redder sepals, paler petals about 1 1/2" (3.8 cm) long, and crinkled leaves.
Common Evening-primrose (O. biennis), found throughout most of the United States, has similar erect stems, but its petals are less than 1" (2.5 cm) long. Both are closely related to the Garden Evening-primrose (O. erythrosepala), scattered in the wild from western Washington to California, which is a taller plant, with redder sepals, paler petals about 1 1/2" (3.8 cm) long, and crinkled leaves.
Oenothera elata Kunth
Hooker's Evening-primrose, Hooker's Evening Primrose
Onagraceae (Evening Primrose Family)
Synonym(s):
USDA Symbol: OEEL
USDA Native Status: L48 (N)
Hooker's Evening-primrose, Hooker's Evening Primrose
Onagraceae (Evening Primrose Family)
Synonym(s):
USDA Symbol: OEEL
USDA Native Status: L48 (N)
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Biennial
Habit: Herb
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Up to about 8 feet tall.
Leaf: Green
Duration: Biennial
Habit: Herb
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Up to about 8 feet tall.
Leaf: Green
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: Yellow
Bloom Time: Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep
Distribution
USA: AZ , CA , CO , ID , KS , MT , NM , NV , OK , OR , TX , UT , WA , WY
Canada: NS
Native Distribution: Eastern Washington to Baja California; east to western Texas and southern Colorado; south as far as Panama
Native Habitat: Open slopes, road banks, and grassy areas from the plains well into the mountains.
Bloom Color: Yellow
Bloom Time: Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep
Distribution
USA: AZ , CA , CO , ID , KS , MT , NM , NV , OK , OR , TX , UT , WA , WY
Canada: NS
Native Distribution: Eastern Washington to Baja California; east to western Texas and southern Colorado; south as far as Panama
Native Habitat: Open slopes, road banks, and grassy areas from the plains well into the mountains.
Ice Plant
Coastal Bluff Trail~Half Moon Bay, California USA
Carpobrotus, commonly known as pigface, ice plant, sour fig, Hottentot fig, and clawberry is a genus of ground-creeping plants with succulent leaves and large daisy-like flowers. The name comes from the Ancient Greek karpos "fruit" and brotos "edible", referring to its edible fruits. The genus includes some 12 to 20 accepted species. Most are endemic to South Africa, but there are at least four Australian species and one South American.
This plant is quite iconic to the California Coast; along highways you see bright green carpets stretching wide next to the glistening ocean. You often see spots of hot pink, yellow or even purple as these flowers bloom. While the view may be lovely, their impact on our California dune ecosystems does not have the same effect. Although ice plant is supposed to help stabilize the soil, it’s actually pretty bad at that as well. With shallow roots and branches climbing over each other, it can become very heavy. This causes large mats of the ice plant to fall off of steep surfaces at once, taking nutrients and topsoil along with it.
This plant is quite iconic to the California Coast; along highways you see bright green carpets stretching wide next to the glistening ocean. You often see spots of hot pink, yellow or even purple as these flowers bloom. While the view may be lovely, their impact on our California dune ecosystems does not have the same effect. Although ice plant is supposed to help stabilize the soil, it’s actually pretty bad at that as well. With shallow roots and branches climbing over each other, it can become very heavy. This causes large mats of the ice plant to fall off of steep surfaces at once, taking nutrients and topsoil along with it.
Carpobrotus edulis (L.) N. E. Br.
Hottentot fig, Iceplant, Sea fig
Genus: Carpobrotus
Family: Aizoaceae
Category: angiosperm
PLANTS group: Dicot
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpobrotus
https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=1660
Hottentot fig, Iceplant, Sea fig
Genus: Carpobrotus
Family: Aizoaceae
Category: angiosperm
PLANTS group: Dicot
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpobrotus
https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=1660
Plant Characteristics
Carpobrotus chiefly inhabits sandy coastal habitats in mild Mediterranean climates, and can be also found inland in sandy to marshy places. In general, they prefer open sandy spaces where their wiry, long roots with shorter side branches form dense underground network, which extends much further than above-ground prostrate branches. Plants thrive well in gardens, but readily escape to other suitable places. They can form wide-area ground cover over a sandy soil, which suppresses indigenous sand dune vegetation when introduced to a non-native area.
Carpobrotus chiefly inhabits sandy coastal habitats in mild Mediterranean climates, and can be also found inland in sandy to marshy places. In general, they prefer open sandy spaces where their wiry, long roots with shorter side branches form dense underground network, which extends much further than above-ground prostrate branches. Plants thrive well in gardens, but readily escape to other suitable places. They can form wide-area ground cover over a sandy soil, which suppresses indigenous sand dune vegetation when introduced to a non-native area.
Naked Lady
Terrace~Half Moon Bay, California USA
Amaryllis belladonna,[2] the Jersey lily,[3] belladonna-lily, naked-lady-lily,[4] or March lily,[5] is a plant species native to Cape Province in South Africa but widely cultivated as an ornamental. It is reportedly naturalized in many places: Corsica, Portugal, the Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands, the Scilly Isles of Great Britain, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ascension Island, Australia, New Zealand, Mexico, Cuba, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Chile, California, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Michigan and the Juan Fernández Islands.
Leaves of A. belladonna begin growing in early spring, or during late autumn. They last for a few weeks to a few months until they wither away, and a flower stalk will begin growing. When found in the wild, Amaryllis belladonna is pollinated by hawk moths and carpenter bees. The flower has a long-tubed, pale perianth, which fully expands at night. This flower will then release a sweet fragrance, that contains acyclic terpenoid alcohol, linalool and abundant nectar, that attracts pollinators to it
Leaves of A. belladonna begin growing in early spring, or during late autumn. They last for a few weeks to a few months until they wither away, and a flower stalk will begin growing. When found in the wild, Amaryllis belladonna is pollinated by hawk moths and carpenter bees. The flower has a long-tubed, pale perianth, which fully expands at night. This flower will then release a sweet fragrance, that contains acyclic terpenoid alcohol, linalool and abundant nectar, that attracts pollinators to it
Carpobrotus edulis (L.) N. E. Br.
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Genus: Amaryllis
Species: A. belladonna
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaryllis_belladonna
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Genus: Amaryllis
Species: A. belladonna
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaryllis_belladonna
Plant Characteristics
Perennial bulbous geophyte with one to two erect solid stems which appear in late summer. The inflorescence bears 2–12 showy fragrant funnel-shaped flowers on a 'naked' (leafless) stem, which gives it the common name of naked-lady-lily. The pink flowers which may be up to 10cm in length, appear in the autumn before the leaves (hysteranthy) which are narrow and strap shaped
Perennial bulbous geophyte with one to two erect solid stems which appear in late summer. The inflorescence bears 2–12 showy fragrant funnel-shaped flowers on a 'naked' (leafless) stem, which gives it the common name of naked-lady-lily. The pink flowers which may be up to 10cm in length, appear in the autumn before the leaves (hysteranthy) which are narrow and strap shaped
Redwood Sorrel
Purisima Trail~Skyline, California USA
A low plant in patches, with 3 heart-shaped leaflets on each leaf and 1 funnel-shaped, white or rose-pink flower at end of each stalk; leaf and flower stalks both about the same length and attached to the plant at ground level.
This species forms lush, solid, inviting carpets on the cool floor of coastal redwood forests. The sour juice is characteristic of this genus, and gives the genus name, from the Greek oxys ("sour"). A similar species in the same general region and habitat, Great Oxalis (O. trilliifolia), has 2 or more flowers on a stalk. There are also several yellow-flowered species of Oxalis in the West, some aggressively weedy.
This species forms lush, solid, inviting carpets on the cool floor of coastal redwood forests. The sour juice is characteristic of this genus, and gives the genus name, from the Greek oxys ("sour"). A similar species in the same general region and habitat, Great Oxalis (O. trilliifolia), has 2 or more flowers on a stalk. There are also several yellow-flowered species of Oxalis in the West, some aggressively weedy.
Oxalis oregana Nutt.
Redwood-sorrel, Oregon Wood Sorrel, Oregon Woodsorrel
Oxalidaceae (Wood-Sorrel Family)
Synonym(s): Oxalis acetosella ssp. oregana, Oxalis oregana var. smallii
USDA Symbol: OXOR
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=OXOR
https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=14752
Redwood-sorrel, Oregon Wood Sorrel, Oregon Woodsorrel
Oxalidaceae (Wood-Sorrel Family)
Synonym(s): Oxalis acetosella ssp. oregana, Oxalis oregana var. smallii
USDA Symbol: OXOR
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=OXOR
https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=14752
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Herb
Leaf Arrangement: Alternate
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Flower scapes up to about 10 inches tall.
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Herb
Leaf Arrangement: Alternate
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Flower scapes up to about 10 inches tall.
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: White , Pink
Bloom Time: Apr , May , Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep
Distribution
USA: CA , OR , WA
Canada: BC
Native Distribution: Coastal central California to Washington; east to the eastern side of the Cascade Mountains.
Native Habitat: Forest shade.
Bloom Color: White , Pink
Bloom Time: Apr , May , Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep
Distribution
USA: CA , OR , WA
Canada: BC
Native Distribution: Coastal central California to Washington; east to the eastern side of the Cascade Mountains.
Native Habitat: Forest shade.
San Mateo Tree Lupine
Montara Mountain~Montara, California USA
A 4-5 ft., shrub-like perennial with numerous short branches bearing silky, dark-green, palmately compound foliage. The pea-like flowers are usually yellow and occur on 6 in. spikes. Sometimes the flowers are lilac to blue or mixed. A large, round, bushy plant with palmately compound leaves and showy, sweet-scented, cone-like racemes of usually yellow "pea flowers" held just above the foliage at ends of short branches. Flowers occasionally violet or blue.
Lupines were once believed to be "wolf-like," devouring soil nutrients (the genus name comes from Latin lupus, meaning wolf). In fact, they "prefer" poor soil, which they do not further deplete. Tree Lupine, one of the most handsome species in the genus, grows rapidly, and its deep roots make it an effective and beautiful stabilizer of shifting coastal dunes; portions of San Francisco that were once unstable sand were reclaimed by Tree Lupine. However, its effectiveness at stabilizing coastal dunes has led to its introduction and subsequent invasion of areas north of San Francisco Bay where the species has pushed out native species and formed monocultures. The California Invasive Plant Council has declared Tree Lupine an invasive species outside its native range.
Lupines were once believed to be "wolf-like," devouring soil nutrients (the genus name comes from Latin lupus, meaning wolf). In fact, they "prefer" poor soil, which they do not further deplete. Tree Lupine, one of the most handsome species in the genus, grows rapidly, and its deep roots make it an effective and beautiful stabilizer of shifting coastal dunes; portions of San Francisco that were once unstable sand were reclaimed by Tree Lupine. However, its effectiveness at stabilizing coastal dunes has led to its introduction and subsequent invasion of areas north of San Francisco Bay where the species has pushed out native species and formed monocultures. The California Invasive Plant Council has declared Tree Lupine an invasive species outside its native range.
Lupinus arboreus Sims
Yellow Bush Lupine, Bush Lupine, Tree Lupine
Fabaceae (Pea Family)
Synonym(s):
USDA Symbol: LUAR
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (I)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=LUAR
https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=5107
Yellow Bush Lupine, Bush Lupine, Tree Lupine
Fabaceae (Pea Family)
Synonym(s):
USDA Symbol: LUAR
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (I)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=LUAR
https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=5107
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Shrub
Leaf Retention: Evergreen
Leaf Arrangement: Alternate
Fruit Type: Legume
Size Notes: Up to about 5 feet tall.
Leaf: Green
Autumn Foliage: yes
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Shrub
Leaf Retention: Evergreen
Leaf Arrangement: Alternate
Fruit Type: Legume
Size Notes: Up to about 5 feet tall.
Leaf: Green
Autumn Foliage: yes
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: Yellow , Blue
Bloom Time: Mar , Apr , May , Jun
Distribution
USA: CA , OR , WA
Canada: BC
Native Distribution: Ventura to San Mateo Cos., CA; naturalized and invasive northward.
Native Habitat: Sandy, coastal places below 100 ft.
Bloom Color: Yellow , Blue
Bloom Time: Mar , Apr , May , Jun
Distribution
USA: CA , OR , WA
Canada: BC
Native Distribution: Ventura to San Mateo Cos., CA; naturalized and invasive northward.
Native Habitat: Sandy, coastal places below 100 ft.
Seaside Fleabane
Coastal Bluff Trail~Half Moon Bay, California USA
A low plant in patches, with 3 heart-shaped leaflets on each leaf and 1 funnel-shaped, white or rose-pink flower at end of each stalk; leaf and flower stalks both about the same length and attached to the plant at ground level.
This species forms lush, solid, inviting carpets on the cool floor of coastal redwood forests. The sour juice is characteristic of this genus, and gives the genus name, from the Greek oxys ("sour"). A similar species in the same general region and habitat, Great Oxalis (O. trilliifolia), has 2 or more flowers on a stalk. There are also several yellow-flowered species of Oxalis in the West, some aggressively weedy.
This species forms lush, solid, inviting carpets on the cool floor of coastal redwood forests. The sour juice is characteristic of this genus, and gives the genus name, from the Greek oxys ("sour"). A similar species in the same general region and habitat, Great Oxalis (O. trilliifolia), has 2 or more flowers on a stalk. There are also several yellow-flowered species of Oxalis in the West, some aggressively weedy.
Erigeron glaucus
Erigeron glaucus Ker Gawl.
Seaside Fleabane, Seaside Daisy
Asteraceae (Aster Family)
Synonym(s):
USDA Symbol: ERGL3
USDA Native Status: L48 (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ERGL3
https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=3140
Erigeron glaucus Ker Gawl.
Seaside Fleabane, Seaside Daisy
Asteraceae (Aster Family)
Synonym(s):
USDA Symbol: ERGL3
USDA Native Status: L48 (N)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ERGL3
https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=3140
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Herb
Leaf Arrangement: Alternate
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Flower scapes up to about 10 inches tall.
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Herb
Leaf Arrangement: Alternate
Fruit Type: Capsule
Size Notes: Flower scapes up to about 10 inches tall.
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: White , Pink
Bloom Time: Apr , May , Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep
Distribution
USA: CA , OR , WA
Canada: BC
Native Distribution: Coastal central California to Washington; east to the eastern side of the Cascade Mountains.
Native Habitat: Forest shade.
Bloom Color: White , Pink
Bloom Time: Apr , May , Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep
Distribution
USA: CA , OR , WA
Canada: BC
Native Distribution: Coastal central California to Washington; east to the eastern side of the Cascade Mountains.
Native Habitat: Forest shade.
Yellow Bush Lupine
Coastal Bluff Trail~Half Moon Bay, California USA
A 4-5 ft., shrub-like perennial with numerous short branches bearing silky, dark-green, palmately compound foliage. The pea-like flowers are usually yellow and occur on 6 in. spikes. Sometimes the flowers are lilac to blue or mixed. A large, round, bushy plant with palmately compound leaves and showy, sweet-scented, cone-like racemes of usually yellow "pea flowers" held just above the foliage at ends of short branches. Flowers occasionally violet or blue.
Lupines were once believed to be "wolf-like," devouring soil nutrients (the genus name comes from Latin lupus, meaning wolf). In fact, they "prefer" poor soil, which they do not further deplete. Tree Lupine, one of the most handsome species in the genus, grows rapidly, and its deep roots make it an effective and beautiful stabilizer of shifting coastal dunes; portions of San Francisco that were once unstable sand were reclaimed by Tree Lupine. However, its effectiveness at stabilizing coastal dunes has led to its introduction and subsequent invasion of areas north of San Francisco Bay where the species has pushed out native species and formed monocultures. The California Invasive Plant Council has declared Tree Lupine an invasive species outside its native range.
Lupines were once believed to be "wolf-like," devouring soil nutrients (the genus name comes from Latin lupus, meaning wolf). In fact, they "prefer" poor soil, which they do not further deplete. Tree Lupine, one of the most handsome species in the genus, grows rapidly, and its deep roots make it an effective and beautiful stabilizer of shifting coastal dunes; portions of San Francisco that were once unstable sand were reclaimed by Tree Lupine. However, its effectiveness at stabilizing coastal dunes has led to its introduction and subsequent invasion of areas north of San Francisco Bay where the species has pushed out native species and formed monocultures. The California Invasive Plant Council has declared Tree Lupine an invasive species outside its native range.
Lupinus arboreus Sims
Yellow Bush Lupine, Bush Lupine, Tree Lupine
Fabaceae (Pea Family)
Synonym(s):
USDA Symbol: LUAR
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (I)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=LUAR
https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=5107
Yellow Bush Lupine, Bush Lupine, Tree Lupine
Fabaceae (Pea Family)
Synonym(s):
USDA Symbol: LUAR
USDA Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (I)
https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=LUAR
https://www.calflora.org/app/taxon?crn=5107
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Shrub
Leaf Retention: Evergreen
Leaf Arrangement: Alternate
Fruit Type: Legume
Size Notes: Up to about 5 feet tall.
Leaf: Green
Autumn Foliage: yes
Duration: Perennial
Habit: Shrub
Leaf Retention: Evergreen
Leaf Arrangement: Alternate
Fruit Type: Legume
Size Notes: Up to about 5 feet tall.
Leaf: Green
Autumn Foliage: yes
Bloom Information
Bloom Color: Yellow , Blue
Bloom Time: Mar , Apr , May , Jun
Distribution
USA: CA , OR , WA
Canada: BC
Native Distribution: Ventura to San Mateo Cos., CA; naturalized and invasive northward.
Native Habitat: Sandy, coastal places below 100 ft.
Bloom Color: Yellow , Blue
Bloom Time: Mar , Apr , May , Jun
Distribution
USA: CA , OR , WA
Canada: BC
Native Distribution: Ventura to San Mateo Cos., CA; naturalized and invasive northward.
Native Habitat: Sandy, coastal places below 100 ft.
Alula
Limahuli Gardens Hanalei, Kaui, Hawaii USA 2024
Brighamia insignis, commonly known as ʻŌlulu or Alula in Hawaiian, or colloquially as the vulcan palm or cabbage on a stick, is a species of Hawaiian lobelioid in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae. It is native to the islands of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau, but has been extinct in the wild since at least 2019-2020. This short-lived perennial species is a member of a unique endemic Hawaiian genus with only one other species.
Once found mostly on windswept sea cliffs of Kauaʻi (Nā Pali Coast, Hāʻupu Ridge, Nāwiliwili) and most likely extinct on Niʻihau (Kaʻali Cliff). Ālula experienced a serious set back in 1992 when Hurricane ʻIniki destroyed half the natural population (60 to 70 plants) along the Nā Pali Coast on Kauaʻi. The combined hurricanes of ʻIwa (1982) and ʻIniki destroyed 10 of the remaining 12 individuals in the Hāʻupu area. [1]. Locations where the last populations are known to exist on the Nā Pali coast were searched. Only one ālula is known to remain in the wild. [Ken Wood, National Tropical Botanical Gardens]
Once found mostly on windswept sea cliffs of Kauaʻi (Nā Pali Coast, Hāʻupu Ridge, Nāwiliwili) and most likely extinct on Niʻihau (Kaʻali Cliff). Ālula experienced a serious set back in 1992 when Hurricane ʻIniki destroyed half the natural population (60 to 70 plants) along the Nā Pali Coast on Kauaʻi. The combined hurricanes of ʻIwa (1982) and ʻIniki destroyed 10 of the remaining 12 individuals in the Hāʻupu area. [1]. Locations where the last populations are known to exist on the Nā Pali coast were searched. Only one ālula is known to remain in the wild. [Ken Wood, National Tropical Botanical Gardens]
Description
Brighamia insignis is a potentially branched plant with a succulent stem that is bulbous at the bottom and tapers toward the top, ending in a compact rosette of fleshy leaves. The stem is usually 1–2 m (3–7 ft) in height, but can reach 5 m (16 ft).[6] The plant blooms in September through November.[7] It has clusters of fragrant yellow flowers in groups of three to eight in the leaf axils. The scent has been compared to honeysuckle.[7] Petals are fused into a tube 7 to 14 cm (3 to 5+1⁄2 in) long. The fruit is a capsule 13 to 19 mm (1⁄2 to 3⁄4 in) long containing numerous seed
Brighamia insignis is a potentially branched plant with a succulent stem that is bulbous at the bottom and tapers toward the top, ending in a compact rosette of fleshy leaves. The stem is usually 1–2 m (3–7 ft) in height, but can reach 5 m (16 ft).[6] The plant blooms in September through November.[7] It has clusters of fragrant yellow flowers in groups of three to eight in the leaf axils. The scent has been compared to honeysuckle.[7] Petals are fused into a tube 7 to 14 cm (3 to 5+1⁄2 in) long. The fruit is a capsule 13 to 19 mm (1⁄2 to 3⁄4 in) long containing numerous seed
Plant Characteristics
Distribution Status: Endemic
Endangered Species Status:Federally Listed
Plant Form / Growth Habit: Shrub
Mature Size, Height (in feet)
Life Span; Long lived (Greater than 5 years)
Distribution Status: Endemic
Endangered Species Status:Federally Listed
Plant Form / Growth Habit: Shrub
Mature Size, Height (in feet)
- Shrub, Small, 2 to 6
- Shrub, Medium, 6 to 10
- Shrub, Tall, Greater than 10
Life Span; Long lived (Greater than 5 years)
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Campanulaceae
Genus: Brighamia
Species: B. insignis
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Campanulaceae
Genus: Brighamia
Species: B. insignis
Bougainvillea
Kilauea Lighthouse Kaui, Hawaii USA 2012
Bougainvillea is a genus of thorny ornamental vines, bushes, and trees belonging to the four o' clock family, Nyctaginaceae. They are native to Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Peru, and Argentina. There are between 4 and 22 species in the genus. The inflorescence consists of large colourful sepal-like bracts which surround three simple waxy flowers, gaining popularity for the plant as an ornamental. The plant is named after explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville, after it was documented on one of his expeditions
History
The first European to describe these plants was Philibert Commerçon, a botanist accompanying French Navy admiral Louis Antoine de Bougainville during his voyage of circumnavigation of the Earth, and first published by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in 1789.[
History
The first European to describe these plants was Philibert Commerçon, a botanist accompanying French Navy admiral Louis Antoine de Bougainville during his voyage of circumnavigation of the Earth, and first published by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in 1789.[
Description
The small, tubular, whitish, 5 to 6-lobed flowers are surrounded by 3 colorful, papery, triangular to egg-shaped, petal-like floral bracts. The leaves are green or variegated with yellow, cream, or pale pink, alternate, and egg-shaped, elliptic, or heart-shaped. The mature branches are woody, brittle, and have slender spines at the leaf axils. The plants are climbing or straggling.
https://wildlifeofhawaii.com/flowers/1506/bougainvillea-spp-bougainvillea/#google_vignette
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bougainvillea
The small, tubular, whitish, 5 to 6-lobed flowers are surrounded by 3 colorful, papery, triangular to egg-shaped, petal-like floral bracts. The leaves are green or variegated with yellow, cream, or pale pink, alternate, and egg-shaped, elliptic, or heart-shaped. The mature branches are woody, brittle, and have slender spines at the leaf axils. The plants are climbing or straggling.
https://wildlifeofhawaii.com/flowers/1506/bougainvillea-spp-bougainvillea/#google_vignette
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bougainvillea
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Perennial, Evergreen
Growth Habit: Shrub, Vine
Hawaii Native Status: Cultivated. These ornamental garden plants are native to Brazil.
Flower Color: White to tinged yellowish or greenish. The far more conspicuous floral bracts are pink, red, orange, yellow, purple, or white.
Duration: Perennial, Evergreen
Growth Habit: Shrub, Vine
Hawaii Native Status: Cultivated. These ornamental garden plants are native to Brazil.
Flower Color: White to tinged yellowish or greenish. The far more conspicuous floral bracts are pink, red, orange, yellow, purple, or white.
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
Superdivision: Spermatophyta – Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Subclass: Caryophyllidae
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Nyctaginaceae – Four o’clock family
Genus: Bougainvillea Comm. ex Juss. – bougainville
Kingdom: Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
Superdivision: Spermatophyta – Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Subclass: Caryophyllidae
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Nyctaginaceae – Four o’clock family
Genus: Bougainvillea Comm. ex Juss. – bougainville
Halaakala Silversword
Haleakala Crater Maui, Hawaii USA 2009
The Haleakalā silversword is found on the island of Maui at elevations above 2,100 metres (6,900 ft) on the dormant Haleakalā volcano—on the summit depression, the rim summits, and surrounding slopes—in Haleakalā National Park. The Haleakalā silversword has been a threatened species as defined by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, since May 15, 1992. Prior to that time, excessive grazing by cattle and goats, and vandalism inflicted by people in the 1920s, had caused its near extinction. Since strict monitoring and governmental protection took effect, the species' recovery is considered a successful conservation story, although threats remain.
Description
The Haleakalā silversword, Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum, has numerous sword-like succulent leaves covered with silver hairs. Silversword plants in general grow on volcanic cinder, a dry, rocky substrate that is subject to freezing temperatures and high winds. The skin and hairs are strong enough to resist the wind and freezing temperature of this altitude and protect the plant from dehydration and the sun.
The Haleakalā silversword, Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum, has numerous sword-like succulent leaves covered with silver hairs. Silversword plants in general grow on volcanic cinder, a dry, rocky substrate that is subject to freezing temperatures and high winds. The skin and hairs are strong enough to resist the wind and freezing temperature of this altitude and protect the plant from dehydration and the sun.
Plant Characteristics
The silvery hairs, fleshy leaves, and low-growing rosette form of the Haleakalā silversword (Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum) allow it to survive in hot, dry climates like the aeolian desert cinder slopes of the crater. Silverswords live between 3 and 90 years or more. They flower once, sending up a spectacular flowering stalk, and then die soon afterward, scattering drying seeds to the wind.
The silvery hairs, fleshy leaves, and low-growing rosette form of the Haleakalā silversword (Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum) allow it to survive in hot, dry climates like the aeolian desert cinder slopes of the crater. Silverswords live between 3 and 90 years or more. They flower once, sending up a spectacular flowering stalk, and then die soon afterward, scattering drying seeds to the wind.
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Argyroxiphium
Species: A. sandwicense
Subspecies: A. s. subsp. macrocephalum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Argyroxiphium
Species: A. sandwicense
Subspecies: A. s. subsp. macrocephalum
Hibiscus Mao hau hele (State Flower)
Hanalei Wildlife Refuge, Kauai, Hawaii USA 2011
Hawaiian hibiscus are seven species of hibiscus native to Hawaii. The yellow hibiscus is Hawaii's state flower. Most commonly grown as ornamental plants in the Hawaiian Islands are the non-native Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) and its numerous hybrids, though the native Hibiscus arnottianus is occasionally planted. The native plants in the genus Hibiscus in Hawaii are thought to have derived from four independent colonization events for the five endemic species (four closely related species plus the yellow-flowered species) and one each for the two indigenous species.
Hibiscus brackenridgei A.Gray – maʻo hau hele ("hau most similar to maʻo") is a tall shrub (up to 10 m or 33 ft) with bright yellow flowers, closely related to the widespread H. divaricatus. Two subspecies are recognized: H. b. ssp. brackenridgei, a sprawling shrub to an erect tree found in dry forests and low shrublands at elevations of 400–2,600 ft (120–790 m) above sea level on Molokai, Lanai, Maui, and the island of Hawaii;[4] and H. b. ssp. mokuleianus, a tree from dry habitats on Kauai and the Waianae Range on Oahu. This species is listed as an endangered species by the USFWS. The yellow flower of this species was made the official state flower of Hawaii on 6 June 1988,[5] and although endangered in its natural habitats, has become a moderately popular ornamental in Hawaiian yards.
Hibiscus brackenridgei A.Gray – maʻo hau hele ("hau most similar to maʻo") is a tall shrub (up to 10 m or 33 ft) with bright yellow flowers, closely related to the widespread H. divaricatus. Two subspecies are recognized: H. b. ssp. brackenridgei, a sprawling shrub to an erect tree found in dry forests and low shrublands at elevations of 400–2,600 ft (120–790 m) above sea level on Molokai, Lanai, Maui, and the island of Hawaii;[4] and H. b. ssp. mokuleianus, a tree from dry habitats on Kauai and the Waianae Range on Oahu. This species is listed as an endangered species by the USFWS. The yellow flower of this species was made the official state flower of Hawaii on 6 June 1988,[5] and although endangered in its natural habitats, has become a moderately popular ornamental in Hawaiian yards.
Description
The flowers are 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm) wide and have 5 crinkled, egg-shaped petals, a yellow staminal column with a small, 5-lobed style and yellow to reddish anthers all along the length of the column, and 7 to 11 hairy, green, linear to awl-shaped bracteoles below the flowers. The flowers either have a solid red center or just have small splotches of red at the base of each petal. The flowers are followed by beaked seed capsules. The leaves are green, alternate, toothed, finely hairy to almost hairless above, and fuzzy below. The mid-plant leaves are either egg-shaped or have 3 to 7 palmate lobes like a maple leaf. The upper leaves are more lanceolate to oblanceolate in shape. The branches are smooth to wrinkled and spineless or covered with pustule-like spines.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_hibiscus
http://nativeplants.hawaii.edu/plant/view/Hibiscus_brackenridgei_molokaiana/
https://wildlifeofhawaii.com/flowers/1221/hibiscus-brackenridgei-mao-hau-hele/
The flowers are 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm) wide and have 5 crinkled, egg-shaped petals, a yellow staminal column with a small, 5-lobed style and yellow to reddish anthers all along the length of the column, and 7 to 11 hairy, green, linear to awl-shaped bracteoles below the flowers. The flowers either have a solid red center or just have small splotches of red at the base of each petal. The flowers are followed by beaked seed capsules. The leaves are green, alternate, toothed, finely hairy to almost hairless above, and fuzzy below. The mid-plant leaves are either egg-shaped or have 3 to 7 palmate lobes like a maple leaf. The upper leaves are more lanceolate to oblanceolate in shape. The branches are smooth to wrinkled and spineless or covered with pustule-like spines.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_hibiscus
http://nativeplants.hawaii.edu/plant/view/Hibiscus_brackenridgei_molokaiana/
https://wildlifeofhawaii.com/flowers/1221/hibiscus-brackenridgei-mao-hau-hele/
Plant Characteristics
Distribution Status: Endemic
Endangered Species Status: Federally Listed
Plant Form / Growth Habit
Life Span: Long lived (Greater than 5 years)
Distribution Status: Endemic
Endangered Species Status: Federally Listed
Plant Form / Growth Habit
- Sprawling Shrub
- Shrub
- Shrub, Small, 2 to 6
- Shrub, Medium, 6 to 10
Life Span: Long lived (Greater than 5 years)
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
Superdivision: Spermatophyta – Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Subclass: Dilleniidae
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae – Mallow family
Genus: Hibiscus L. – rosemallow
Species: Hibiscus brackenridgei A. Gray – Brackenridge’s rosemallow
Kingdom: Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
Superdivision: Spermatophyta – Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Subclass: Dilleniidae
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae – Mallow family
Genus: Hibiscus L. – rosemallow
Species: Hibiscus brackenridgei A. Gray – Brackenridge’s rosemallow
Hibiscus Pua Aloalo
Limahuli Gardens Hanalei, Kauai, Hawaii USA 2011
Hawaiian hibiscus are seven species of hibiscus native to Hawaii. The yellow hibiscus is Hawaii's state flower. Most commonly grown as ornamental plants in the Hawaiian Islands are the non-native Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) and its numerous hybrids, though the native Hibiscus arnottianus is occasionally planted.
The native plants in the genus Hibiscus in Hawaii are thought to have derived from four independent colonization events for the five endemic species (four closely related species plus the yellow-flowered species) and one each for the two indigenous species.
The native plants in the genus Hibiscus in Hawaii are thought to have derived from four independent colonization events for the five endemic species (four closely related species plus the yellow-flowered species) and one each for the two indigenous species.
Description
Hibiscus arnottianus subsp. immaculatus is a shrub or small tree generally 8 meters in height, though individuals may reach 10 meters tall. The leaves are oval with a smooth upper surface and smooth or slightly round-toothed edges. The leaves are 4 to 10 centimeters long and often have red veins and stems. The faintly fragrant flowers have white petals 8 to 11 cm long, 2.5 to 3.5 cm wide, with the calyx being 2.5 to 3 centimeters long. Anthers are arranged along the upper third of the white staminal column 10 to 14 cm long. This subspecies is distinguished from the other native Hawaiian members of its genus by its white petals and white staminal column. The flowers may be slightly pink or may age to pale pink.
https://ntbg.org/database/plants/detail/hibiscus-arnottianus-ssp-immaculatus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_hibiscus
http://nativeplants.hawaii.edu/plant/view/Hibiscus_kokio_kokio/
Hibiscus arnottianus subsp. immaculatus is a shrub or small tree generally 8 meters in height, though individuals may reach 10 meters tall. The leaves are oval with a smooth upper surface and smooth or slightly round-toothed edges. The leaves are 4 to 10 centimeters long and often have red veins and stems. The faintly fragrant flowers have white petals 8 to 11 cm long, 2.5 to 3.5 cm wide, with the calyx being 2.5 to 3 centimeters long. Anthers are arranged along the upper third of the white staminal column 10 to 14 cm long. This subspecies is distinguished from the other native Hawaiian members of its genus by its white petals and white staminal column. The flowers may be slightly pink or may age to pale pink.
https://ntbg.org/database/plants/detail/hibiscus-arnottianus-ssp-immaculatus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_hibiscus
http://nativeplants.hawaii.edu/plant/view/Hibiscus_kokio_kokio/
Plant Characteristics
Distribution Status: Endemic
Endangered Species Status; At Risk
Plant Form / Growth Habit
Life Span: Long lived (Greater than 5 years)
Distribution Status: Endemic
Endangered Species Status; At Risk
Plant Form / Growth Habit
- Shrub
- Tree
- Shrub, Small, 2 to 6
- Shrub, Medium, 6 to 10
- Shrub, Tall, Greater than 10
- Tree, Small, 15 to 30
Life Span: Long lived (Greater than 5 years)
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Hibiscus
Species: H. arnottianus
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Hibiscus
Species: H. arnottianus
Hibiscus Waimeae
Limahuli Gardens Hanalei, Kauai, Hawaii USA 2024
Hawaiian hibiscus are seven species of hibiscus native to Hawaii. The yellow hibiscus is Hawaii's state flower. Most commonly grown as ornamental plants in the Hawaiian Islands are the non-native Chinese hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) and its numerous hybrids, though the native Hibiscus arnottianus is occasionally planted.
The native plants in the genus Hibiscus in Hawaii are thought to have derived from four independent colonization events for the five endemic species (four closely related species plus the yellow-flowered species) and one each for the two indigenous species.
The native plants in the genus Hibiscus in Hawaii are thought to have derived from four independent colonization events for the five endemic species (four closely related species plus the yellow-flowered species) and one each for the two indigenous species.
Description
kokiʻo keʻokeʻo or kokiʻo kea ("kokiʻo that is white as snow"), is a Hawaiian endemic, gray-barked tree, 6–10 m (20–33 ft) tall, with white flowers that fade to pink in the afternoon. Two subspecies are recognized: H. waimeae ssp. hannerae (rare and listed as endangered) found in northwestern valleys of Kauai, and H. w. ssp. waimeae occurring in the Waimea Canyon and some western to southern valleys on Kauai. This species closely resembles H. arnottianus in a number of characteristics.
kokiʻo keʻokeʻo or kokiʻo kea ("kokiʻo that is white as snow"), is a Hawaiian endemic, gray-barked tree, 6–10 m (20–33 ft) tall, with white flowers that fade to pink in the afternoon. Two subspecies are recognized: H. waimeae ssp. hannerae (rare and listed as endangered) found in northwestern valleys of Kauai, and H. w. ssp. waimeae occurring in the Waimea Canyon and some western to southern valleys on Kauai. This species closely resembles H. arnottianus in a number of characteristics.
Plant Characteristics
Distribution Status: Endemic
Endangered Species Status;: Federally Listed
Plant Form / Growth Habit
Life Span: Long lived (Greater than 5 years)
Distribution Status: Endemic
Endangered Species Status;: Federally Listed
Plant Form / Growth Habit
- Shrub
- Tree
- Shrub, Medium, 6 to 10
- Shrub, Tall, Greater than 10
Life Span: Long lived (Greater than 5 years)
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Hibiscus
Species: H. waimeae
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Hibiscus
Species: H. waimeae
Madamefate 2012
Common Grounds Kilauea, Kauai, Hawaii USA 2012
Hippobroma longiflora, also called Star of Bethlehem or madamfate, is a flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae. It is the only species in the genus Hippobroma. It is endemic to the West Indies, but has become naturalized across the American tropics and Oceania. It is notable for its concentrations of two pyridine alkaloids: lobeline and nicotine. The effects of nicotine and lobeline are quite similar, with psychoactive effects at small dosages and with unpleasant effects including vomiting, muscle paralysis, and trembling at higher dosages. For this reason, H. longiflora is often referenced for both its toxicity and its ethnobotanical uses. When uprooting this weed, it is important to wear gloves: the sap is an irritant which can be absorbed through the skin, and a small amount of sap in the eyes can cause blindness.
Description
The flowers are up to 5 1/2 inches (14 cm) long, tubular, and star-like with 5, narrow, pointed lobes. Although the flowers have a jasmine-like appearance, they are not fragrant. The fruit is a drooping green capsule. The leaves are green, sessile, oblanceolate, and pinnately lobed with pointed, toothed lobes. The lower leaves are in a basal rosette, while the stem leaves are alternate.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippobroma
https://wildlifeofhawaii.com/flowers/525/hippobroma-longiflora-madam-fate/
The flowers are up to 5 1/2 inches (14 cm) long, tubular, and star-like with 5, narrow, pointed lobes. Although the flowers have a jasmine-like appearance, they are not fragrant. The fruit is a drooping green capsule. The leaves are green, sessile, oblanceolate, and pinnately lobed with pointed, toothed lobes. The lower leaves are in a basal rosette, while the stem leaves are alternate.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippobroma
https://wildlifeofhawaii.com/flowers/525/hippobroma-longiflora-madam-fate/
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Perennial
Growth Habit: Herb/Forb
Hawaii Native Status: Introduced. This naturalized ornamental garden plant is native to the West Indies.
Flower Color: White
Height: To 2 feet (61 cm) tall or more
Duration: Perennial
Growth Habit: Herb/Forb
Hawaii Native Status: Introduced. This naturalized ornamental garden plant is native to the West Indies.
Flower Color: White
Height: To 2 feet (61 cm) tall or more
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Hibiscus
Species: H. arnottianus
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Hibiscus
Species: H. arnottianus
Mauna Kea Silversword
Mauna Kea Big Island, Hawaii USA 2012
Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. sandwicense, the Mauna Kea silversword, is a highly endangered flowering plant endemic to the island of Hawaiʻi of Hawaii. It is the "crown jewel" of the volcanic mountain Mauna Kea, from which it derives its English name. The Hawaiian name is ʻahinahina; it applies to silverswords more broadly. The Mauna Kea silversword was once common on the volcano, and extraordinary conservation efforts are being made to preserve the species
Description
The Mauna Kea silversword is an erect, single-stemmed and monocarpic or rarely branched and polycarpic basally woody herb, producing a globe-shaped cluster of thick, spirally arranged, sword-shaped silvery-green floccose-sericeous, linear-ligulate to linear-lanceolate leaves growing in a rosette. The epigeal or nearly epigeal rosette may become 0.6 m (2 ft) or more in diameter with individual leaves up to 0.3 m (1 ft) long and is usually less than 1.3 cm (1⁄2 in) wide.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauna_Kea_silversword
The Mauna Kea silversword is an erect, single-stemmed and monocarpic or rarely branched and polycarpic basally woody herb, producing a globe-shaped cluster of thick, spirally arranged, sword-shaped silvery-green floccose-sericeous, linear-ligulate to linear-lanceolate leaves growing in a rosette. The epigeal or nearly epigeal rosette may become 0.6 m (2 ft) or more in diameter with individual leaves up to 0.3 m (1 ft) long and is usually less than 1.3 cm (1⁄2 in) wide.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauna_Kea_silversword
Plant Characteristics
Closely related to the Haleakala silversword (Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum) and in the family Asteraceae, the Mauna Kea silversword is a member of the silversword alliance, a group of approximately 50 species in three genera, all endemic to the Hawaiian islands. Their diverse morphologies belie extremely close genetic kinship and suggest extremely rapid evolution from a single precursor species.[7][8] The silversword alliance is considered the most dramatic example of adaptive radiation among plants in Hawaii, illustrating the role of isolation and distinctive ecological conditions in promoting evolution
Closely related to the Haleakala silversword (Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum) and in the family Asteraceae, the Mauna Kea silversword is a member of the silversword alliance, a group of approximately 50 species in three genera, all endemic to the Hawaiian islands. Their diverse morphologies belie extremely close genetic kinship and suggest extremely rapid evolution from a single precursor species.[7][8] The silversword alliance is considered the most dramatic example of adaptive radiation among plants in Hawaii, illustrating the role of isolation and distinctive ecological conditions in promoting evolution
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Argyroxiphium
Species: A. sandwicense DC.
Subspecies: A. s. subsp. sandwicense
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Argyroxiphium
Species: A. sandwicense DC.
Subspecies: A. s. subsp. sandwicense
Olapalapa Berries 2009
Hosmer Grove Haleakala, Maui, Hawaii USA 2012
Cheirodendron trigynum, also known as ʻŌlapa or common cheirodendron, is a species of flowering plant in the ginseng family, Araliaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii. It is a medium-sized tree, reaching a height of 12–15 m and a trunk diameter of 0.6 m. ʻŌlapa inhabits mixed mesic and wet forests at elevations of 310–2,190 m on all main islands, where it is an abundant understory tree.
Description
A tree to 40–50 ft (12–15 m) high and 2 ft (0.6 m) in trunk diameter, with rounded open crown, hairless throughout. Bark gray, smoothish or sometimes rough and scaly. Inner bark greenish white, slightly spicy, aromatic. Twigs stout, enlarged and ringed at nodes, green or purplish, becoming brownish, weak and brittle
A tree to 40–50 ft (12–15 m) high and 2 ft (0.6 m) in trunk diameter, with rounded open crown, hairless throughout. Bark gray, smoothish or sometimes rough and scaly. Inner bark greenish white, slightly spicy, aromatic. Twigs stout, enlarged and ringed at nodes, green or purplish, becoming brownish, weak and brittle
Plant Characteristics
Distribution Status: Endemic
Endangered Species Status: No Status
Plant Form / Growth Habit: Tree
Mature Size, Height (in feet)
Distribution Status: Endemic
Endangered Species Status: No Status
Plant Form / Growth Habit: Tree
Mature Size, Height (in feet)
- Tree, Small, 15 to 30
- Tree, Medium, 30 to 50
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Araliaceae
Genus: Cheirodendron
Species: C. trigynum
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Araliaceae
Genus: Cheirodendron
Species: C. trigynum
Plumeria
Limahuli Gardens Hanalei, Kauai, Hawaii USA 2011
Plumeria, also known as frangipani, is a genus of flowering plants in the subfamily Rauvolfioideae, of the family Apocynaceae. Most species are deciduous shrubs or small trees. The species are native to the Neotropical realm, but are often grown as cosmopolitan ornamentals in tropical regions, especially in Hawaii, as well as hot desert climates in the Arabian Peninsula with proper irrigation.
In Hawai`i, Plumeria rubra produces flowers before the leaves emerge at the beginning of summer and has a flowering peak from April through to September. The original trees introduced to Hawai`i had white flowers with yellow centers, however subsequently trees with red flowers have also been introduced. Breeding programs have crossed trees with different colored flowers to produce a wide range of color varieties of this species: red, pink, or white flowers can be seen with flowers frequently either a single color or with a yellow or pink splash of color in the center. The flowers produce nectar which has a strong lemon scent. The fruit of this species is a dry follicle which splits along one side to release many winged seeds.
In Hawai`i, Plumeria rubra produces flowers before the leaves emerge at the beginning of summer and has a flowering peak from April through to September. The original trees introduced to Hawai`i had white flowers with yellow centers, however subsequently trees with red flowers have also been introduced. Breeding programs have crossed trees with different colored flowers to produce a wide range of color varieties of this species: red, pink, or white flowers can be seen with flowers frequently either a single color or with a yellow or pink splash of color in the center. The flowers produce nectar which has a strong lemon scent. The fruit of this species is a dry follicle which splits along one side to release many winged seeds.
Description
The flowers are in rounded, bouquet-like clusters at the branch tips. The individual flowers are tubular, 3 inches (8 cm) across, and have 5 white, blunt-tipped, spreading lobes and a yellow center. There is no tinge of red anywhere on the flowers or the flower buds. The flowers are sometimes followed by dry, brown, linear-oblong seed follicles containing numerous winged seeds. The leaves are shiny dark green above, paler green and prominently veined below, leathery, and narrowly egg-shaped with a distinctive rounded tip. The leaves are clustered near the tips of the thick, fleshy, knobbly, brown branches.
https://wildlifeofhawaii.com/flowers/1298/plumeria-obtusa-singapore-plumeria/
https://ntbg.org/database/plants/detail/plumeria-rubra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumeria
The flowers are in rounded, bouquet-like clusters at the branch tips. The individual flowers are tubular, 3 inches (8 cm) across, and have 5 white, blunt-tipped, spreading lobes and a yellow center. There is no tinge of red anywhere on the flowers or the flower buds. The flowers are sometimes followed by dry, brown, linear-oblong seed follicles containing numerous winged seeds. The leaves are shiny dark green above, paler green and prominently veined below, leathery, and narrowly egg-shaped with a distinctive rounded tip. The leaves are clustered near the tips of the thick, fleshy, knobbly, brown branches.
https://wildlifeofhawaii.com/flowers/1298/plumeria-obtusa-singapore-plumeria/
https://ntbg.org/database/plants/detail/plumeria-rubra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumeria
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Perennial, Evergreen
Growth Habit: Tree
Hawaii Native Status: Cultivated. This ornamental garden plant is native to Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and the Caribbean.
Flower Color: White
Height: Up to 20 feet (6 m) tall
Duration: Perennial, Evergreen
Growth Habit: Tree
Hawaii Native Status: Cultivated. This ornamental garden plant is native to Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and the Caribbean.
Flower Color: White
Height: Up to 20 feet (6 m) tall
Classification
Family: APOCYNACEAE
Genus: Plumeria
Species: rubra
Species Author: L.
Vernacular: Temple tree, frangipani, melia
Synonyms: Plumeria acutifolia, Plumeria acuminata
Family: APOCYNACEAE
Genus: Plumeria
Species: rubra
Species Author: L.
Vernacular: Temple tree, frangipani, melia
Synonyms: Plumeria acutifolia, Plumeria acuminata
Ocean Blue Morning Glory
Volcano National Park Big Island, Hawaii USA 2012
Ipomoea indica is a species of flowering plant in the family Convolvulaceae, known by several common names, including blue morning glory, oceanblue morning glory, koali awa, and blue dawn flower. It bears heart-shaped or three-lobed leaves and purple or blue funnel-shaped flowers 6–8 cm in diameter, from spring to autumn. The flowers produced by the plant are hermaphroditic. This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. The plant is grown as an ornamental for its attractive flowers, but is considered invasive in many regions of the world, being specifically listed on New Zealand's Biosecurity Act 1993
Description
The beautiful flowers are 3 inches (8 cm) across, funnel-shaped, and generally have a light pinkish purple, 5-lobed “star” radiating from the whitish center of the funnel. The 5 floral sepals are hairless or covered in flattened hairs. The 3 outer sepals are broadly lanceolate, while the 2 inner sepals are narrowly lanceolate. The leaves are bright green, alternate, and broadly heart-shaped to 3-lobed. The slender, green stems are trailing to twining.
The beautiful flowers are 3 inches (8 cm) across, funnel-shaped, and generally have a light pinkish purple, 5-lobed “star” radiating from the whitish center of the funnel. The 5 floral sepals are hairless or covered in flattened hairs. The 3 outer sepals are broadly lanceolate, while the 2 inner sepals are narrowly lanceolate. The leaves are bright green, alternate, and broadly heart-shaped to 3-lobed. The slender, green stems are trailing to twining.
Plant Characteristics
Duration: Annual, Perennial
Growth Habit: Vine, Herb/Forb
Hawaii Native Status: Native (indigenous). Note: Some sources consider this South American plant to be introduced to Hawaii.
Flower Color: Light violet-blue to light purple, Pink, White. The flowers typically age to a reddish or pink color.
Height: Trailing or climbing to 20 feet (6 m) long or tall
Duration: Annual, Perennial
Growth Habit: Vine, Herb/Forb
Hawaii Native Status: Native (indigenous). Note: Some sources consider this South American plant to be introduced to Hawaii.
Flower Color: Light violet-blue to light purple, Pink, White. The flowers typically age to a reddish or pink color.
Height: Trailing or climbing to 20 feet (6 m) long or tall
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
Superdivision: Spermatophyta – Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Subclass: Asteridae
Order: Solanales
Family: Convolvulaceae – Morning-glory family
Genus: Ipomoea L. – morning-glory
Species: Ipomoea indica (Burm. f.) Merr. – oceanblue morning-glory
Kingdom: Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
Superdivision: Spermatophyta – Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Subclass: Asteridae
Order: Solanales
Family: Convolvulaceae – Morning-glory family
Genus: Ipomoea L. – morning-glory
Species: Ipomoea indica (Burm. f.) Merr. – oceanblue morning-glory
Yellow Ilima
Limahuli Gardens Hanalei, Kauai, Hawaii USA 2011
Sida fallax, known as yellow ilima or golden mallow, is a species of herbaceous flowering plant in the Hibiscus family, Malvaceae, indigenous to the Hawaiian Archipelago and other Pacific Islands. Plants may be erect or prostrate and are found in drier areas in sandy soils, often near the ocean. ʻIlima is the symbol of Laloimehani and is the flower for the islands of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi, and Abemama, Kiribati. It is known as ʻilima or ʻāpiki in Hawaiian and as kio in Marshallese, te kaura in Kiribati, idibin ekaura in Nauruan, and akatā in Tuvalu. In Hawaiian religion, the ʻilima flowers are associated with Laka, the goddess of the hula, and the plant's prostrate form with Pele's brother, Kane-ʻapua, the god of taro planters. Lei made from ʻilima were believed to attract mischievous spirits, although some considered them to be lucky
Description
Ilima flowers can be bright yellow, orangish yellow, light orange, rich orange, dull or rusty red, or a rare greenish color. Some forms are dark maroon at the base (calyx). Others have red or maroon centers.
http://nativeplants.hawaii.edu/plant/view/Sida_fallax/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sida_fallax
Ilima flowers can be bright yellow, orangish yellow, light orange, rich orange, dull or rusty red, or a rare greenish color. Some forms are dark maroon at the base (calyx). Others have red or maroon centers.
http://nativeplants.hawaii.edu/plant/view/Sida_fallax/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sida_fallax
Plant Characteristics
Distribution Status: Indigenous
Endangered Species Status: No Status
Plant Form / Growth Habit:
Life Span: Long lived (Greater than 5 years)
Distribution Status: Indigenous
Endangered Species Status: No Status
Plant Form / Growth Habit:
- Sprawling Shrub
- Shrub
- Shrub, Dwarf, Less than 2
- Shrub, Small, 2 to 6
- Shrub, Medium, 6 to 10
- Shrub, Tall, Greater than 10
Life Span: Long lived (Greater than 5 years)
Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Sida
Species: S. fallax
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Sida
Species: S. fallax
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